The Institutionalization of Islam in the Abbasid Caliphate
Knowledge, Authority, and Social Transformation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61104/qb.v3i1.924Keywords:
Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah, Institusionalisasi Islam, Produksi Pengetahuan, Pembentukan Otoritas, Transformasi SosialAbstract
Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah dikenal sebagai salah satu periode paling penting dalam perkembangan peradaban Islam yang ditandai oleh kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan, tata kelola pemerintahan, dan organisasi sosial. Namun, kajian yang ada umumnya membahas aspek-aspek tersebut secara terpisah sehingga pemahaman mengenai proses institusionalisasi Islam masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis institusionalisasi Islam pada masa Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah melalui hubungan antara produksi pengetahuan, pembentukan otoritas, dan transformasi sosial. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis studi kepustakaan dengan teknik analisis dokumen dan analisis tematik terhadap literatur akademik kontemporer dan karya-karya utama tentang peradaban Abbasiyah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi pengetahuan didukung oleh institusi intelektual dan jaringan pendidikan yang terorganisasi. Otoritas keagamaan dan politik berkembang melalui keterhubungan antara institusi hukum, jaringan ulama, dan struktur administrasi. Transformasi sosial berlangsung melalui institusi yang memungkinkan integrasi berbagai komunitas dan tradisi budaya. Selain itu, temuan menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan, otoritas, dan transformasi sosial berkembang melalui hubungan institusional yang saling memperkuat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Islam berfungsi sebagai sistem peradaban yang terinstitusionalisasi dan membentuk fondasi intelektual, politik, serta sosial dalam masyarakat Abbasiyah
References
Ahmed, A. S. (2016). What Is Islam? The Importance of Being Islamic. Princeton University Press. https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691164182/what-is-islam
Alkhatim, A. A. M. (2024). A Comparative Study of Kharaj Collection and Spending During the Ruling Periods of the Umayyad and Abbasid Dynasties. https://openaccess.izu.edu.tr/entities/publication/4e34557d-9aab-4f09-9fe9-3280a2f20abb
Alqadahat, M. A. (2025). Reviving Ceremonial Literary Practices to Restore Spiritual Influence: The Abbasid Caliphate from 550–656 AH/1155–1258 AD. https://iuj.iunajafjournals.com/journal/vol2/iss1/1/
Alqarny, F. U., & Hannan, H. (2025). Sons of Concubines and the Politics of Succession: Power, Lineage, Gender, and the Education of Abbasid Elites. https://ejournal.radenintan.ac.id/index.php/tadzkiyyah/article/view/30031
Azis, D. K., Musonif, I., Salsabila, S., Fatah, M. A., & Aji, M. (2026). Integrating Artificial Intelligence And Humanistic Values In Islamic Elementary Education : A Case Study At Madrasah Ibtidaiyah NU Ma’Arif Karangnangka. Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 15(02), 635–654. https://doi.org/10.30868/ei.v15i02.10039
Baeti, A. N., Sangidah, S., Musonif, I., & Mawardi, K. (2026). Islamic Historiography from Normative Tradition to Critical and Interdisciplinary Approach. Al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies, 9(2 SE-Articles), 2311–2320. https://doi.org/10.31943/afkarjournal.v9i2.3477
Berkey, J. P. (2014). The Formation of Islam: Religion and Society in the Near East, 600–1800. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511800825
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Cooperson, M. (2021). The Abbasid Caliphate: A History. Cambridge University Press. https://www.cambridge.org
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing among Five Approaches. SAGE Publications.
Danu Jovansyah Prasetyo Aji, Fahrurreza Alfadzin, Kevin Kurniawan, Mukhammad Yusuf Abdul Fattah, Rudy Ardiansyah, & Irfan Musonif. (2026). Reformasi Pendidikan Islam Pada Era Modern: Jejak Pemikiran Jamaluddin Al-Afghani Dan Muhammad Abduh. QOSIM : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial & Humaniora, 4(3 SE-Articles), 1133–1147. https://doi.org/10.61104/jq.v4i3.6390
Efendi, E. C., Hadi, W., & Reveny, S. (2025). The Glory of Science in Classical Islamic Civilization: The Abbasid Dynasty as a Center for Innovation. http://languar.net/index.php/INJOSEDU/article/view/172
El-Hibri, T. (2021). The Abbasid Caliphate: A History. Cambridge University Press. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abbasid-caliphate
Fahrezi, F., Athoillah, M. I., A’yun, S. Q., Hasanah, U., & Musonif, I. (2026). Psychosocial Adaptation Of Santri From Dysfunctional Families In Islamic Boarding Schools: A Humanistic Educational Approach. Jurnal Ilmiah IJGIE, 6(2), 399–417. http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:wyUyNvdZOGYJ:journal.iaisambas.ac.id/index.php/IJGIE/article/download/113/182/+&cd=1&hl=id&ct=clnk&gl=id
Fahrezi, F., Musonif, I., Labibah, H. S., Athoillah, M. I., & Munip, A. (2026). A Psycho-Sociolinguistic-Based Project-Based Learning Model For Arabic Language Learning : A Case Study At Mts Al-Ma ’ Arif Rakit. Abjadia : International Journal of Education, 11(1), 143–154. https://doi.org/10.18860/abj.v11i1.39835
Fauzi, A. A., Jinan, M., & Aryoseno, G. B. (2025). Building Civilization Through Libraries: The Role of Baitul Hikmah in Education During the Abbasid Era. http://jurnal.istaz.ac.id/index.php/fikroh/article/view/2157
Gutas, D. (1998). Greek Thought, Arabic Culture: The Graeco-Arabic Translation Movement in Baghdad and Early Abbasid Society. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203982938
Kamalia, S., & Imawan, D. H. (2025). The Contribution of Baitul Hikmah to the Development of Science and Education During the Abbasid Dynasty. https://ejournal.iai-tabah.ac.id/index.php/madinah/article/view/4054
Kennedy, H. (2004). The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates. Routledge. https://www.routledge.com/The-Prophet-and-the-Age-of-the-Caliphates/Kennedy/p/book/9780582405257
Kennedy, H. (2005). When Baghdad Ruled the Muslim World: The Rise and Fall of Islam’s Greatest Dynasty. Da Capo Press. https://www.hachettebookgroup.com/titles/hugh-kennedy/when-baghdad-ruled-the-muslim-world/9780306818080/
Kennedy, H. (2016). The Caliphate. Penguin. https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/317988/the-caliphate-by-hugh-kennedy/
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. SAGE Publications.
Maharani, A. P., & Musonif, I. (2026). Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Media Interaktif untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Kritis Siswa di Sekolah. An-Nahdlah: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 5(3 SE-Articles), 1065–1073. https://doi.org/10.51806/an-nahdlah.v5i3.872
Mahardhika, J. (2025). Anatomy of Institutional Decline: Late Abbasid Islamic Political Model and the Fragmentation of Global South Civilization. https://philpapers.org/rec/MAHAOI-2
Mazzola, M. (2024). Dhimmī Bishops in a Muslim Polity: Endurance and Adaptation of Syriac Episcopal Leadership in the Umayyad and Early Abbasid Periods. Journal of Near Eastern Studies. https://doi.org/10.1086/732099
Melchert, C. (2020). The Formation of the Sunni Schools of Law. Brill. https://brill.com
Musonif, I., Athoillah, M. I., Khuzaemah, B., Salsabila, S., & Mawardi, K. (2026). Beyond Binary Opposition: Reconfiguring Islamic Responses to Western Modernity through Resistance, Adaptation, and Post-Secular Synthesis. IHSAN: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 4(2), 165–179.
Musonif, I., & Azis, D. K. (2026). Teori-Teori Pendidikan Integratif Educating the Whole Person. In Qriset indonesia. Qriset Indonesia. https://qrisetindonesia.com/buku/teori-teori-pendidikan-integratif-educating-the-whole-person/
Musonif, I., Baeti, A. N., Athoillah, M. I., Azis, D. K., & Fahrezi, F. (2026). Religious Habitus Formation Through Madrasah-Pesantren Collaboration: A Sociological Analysis. Jurnal Ilmiah IJGIE International Journal Of Graduate Of Islamic Education, 7(1), 399–417. https://doi.org/10.37567/ijgie.v7i1.4892
Musonif, I., Kurniawan, R. A., & Tamaminni’mah, M. (2026). Pendidikan Karakter Integratif Integrasi Perspektif Thomas Lickona dan Az-Zarnuji. In Rizquna. Rizquna. https://rizquna.id/product/pendidikan-karakter-integratif/
Musonif, I., & Misbah, M. (2026). A Conceptual Model of Integrating Deliberative Transformative and Authentic Learning in Multicultural Religious Education. Kasyafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 3(2 SE-Articles), 181–193. https://doi.org/10.61166/kasyafa.v3i2.164
Musonif, I., Pranoto, A. H., Ansori, I. H., & Munis, I. D. (2026). Social Education in the Perspective of QS Al-Mā‘ūn and QS Al-Baqarah Verse 271 through Roland Barthes’ Semiotic Approach. Jurnal Pedagogi Dan Inovasi Pendidikan, 2(1). https://jurnal-pip.com/index.php/jpip/article/view/23
Musonif, I., Pranoto, A. H., Nurhuda, A., Lathif, N. M., & Ismail, M. F. (2026). Analysis Of ICT Media Development In The Learning Process At MI Nurul Islam Plangkapan Towards The Transformation Of Indonesia’s Golden Education 2045. Edelweiss: Journal of Innovation in Educational Research, 3(3), 46–58. https://doi.org/10.62462/edelweiss.v3i3.99
Musonif, I., Pranoto, A. H., Nurhuda, A., & Munis, I. D. (2026). The Relevance Of Human Nature In Islam To Education And The Modern Era. Journal of Social Research and Innovation, 2(1), 1–7.
Musonif, I., Romadona, M. A., Fatah, M. A., Zaman, M. F., Azis, K., & Nasrin, S. (2026). Integrating Multiple Intelligences in Problem-Solving Approaches to Enhance Fiqh Learning for Middle School Students. Al-Tadzkiyyah: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 17(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24042/atjpi.v17i1.30145
Musonif, I., Salsabila, S., Syifa, R. N., & Azis, D. K. (2026). Reconstructing the Meaning of Fiqh Learning through Accelerated and Quantum Learning in the Digital Generation. Al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies, 9(2 SE-Articles), 2191–2205. https://doi.org/10.31943/afkarjournal.v9i2.3455
Palombo, C. (2025). Thinking with the Dispersal of Middle Eastern Artifacts: Lost and Imagined Monastic Archives from the Umayyad and the Abbasid Periods. Bulletin d’Études Orientales. https://journals.openedition.org/beo/15051
Permana, I. M., Putra, R. H., & Munandar, A. N. I. (2025). The Political Battle for Local Languages Under the Arab Domination in the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates. https://ipv6.newinera.com/index.php/JournalLaSociale/article/view/1913
Ramadona, M. A., Musonif, I., & Priyatno, S. (2026). Muslim Students In Catholic Religious Education In Indonesia: Interfaith Learning And Socio-Religious Identity Negotiation. Jurnal Ilmiah IJGIE, 6(2), 399–417. http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:wyUyNvdZOGYJ:journal.iaisambas.ac.id/index.php/IJGIE/article/download/113/182/+&cd=1&hl=id&ct=clnk&gl=id
Saifudin, Aji, M., Musonif, I., Darmawan, Z. G., & Maharani, A. P. (2026). Between Adab And Digital Learning: A Qualitative Case Study In Indonesian Pesantren-Based Madrasah. Jurnal Ilmiah IJGIE, 6(2), 399–417. http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:wyUyNvdZOGYJ:journal.iaisambas.ac.id/index.php/IJGIE/article/download/113/182/+&cd=1&hl=id&ct=clnk&gl=id
Saliba, G. (2007). Islamic Science and the Making of the European Renaissance. MIT Press. https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262693110
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Fakhrur Rizal, Irfan Musonif, Kholid Mawardi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a 