Dinamika Sosiokultural Dinasti Abbasiyah: Kontestasi Ruang Urban Abu Nawas dan Politik Patronase Al-Mutanabbi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61104/qz.v3i1.1113Keywords:
Dinasti Abbasiyah, Pendekatan Kultural, Abu Nawas, Al-Mutanabbi, Sosiologi Sastra.Abstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji kondisi sosial dan budaya Dinasti Abbasiyah lewat analisis terhadap sepuluh puisi pilihan karya Abu Nawas dan Al-Mutanabbi. Menggunakan pendekatan kultural dan sosiologi sastra, artikel ini membedah bagaimana karya sastra berfungsi sebagai rekaman perubahan cara berpikir masyarakat Arab pada abad pertengahan. Puisi Abu Nawas (Love in Bloom, In the Bath-House, Don't Cry for Layla, dan The Last Poem) memperlihatkan sisi kehidupan bebas di perkotaan Baghdad, budaya minum anggur (khamriyyat), serta penolakan terhadap aturan puisi gurun pasir klasik. Sementara itu, puisi Al-Mutanabbi (Cowards, I Cried Until I Almost Make You Cry, One By Sixth Or Sixth By One, Until Our Love Was Honored I Concealed It, Beautiful Women, dan To Sayf Al-Dawla) menggambarkan nilai kepahlawanan (muru’ah), hubungan penyair dengan penguasa (politik patronase), serta pengaruh situasi politik istana. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kebudayaan Abbasiyah diwarnai oleh persaingan antara gaya hidup bebas di perkotaan Baghdad dan aturan formal di dalam istana. Dengan demikian, keindahan sastra Arab pada masa ini berkaitan erat dengan perebutan kekuasaan, pembentukan identitas budaya, dan perubahan sosial masyarakatnya
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