Demokrasi Bottom-up dalam Penganggaran di Porto Alegre: Peran Kelompok Masyarakat dalam Tata Kelola Anggaran Daerah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61104/qw.v2i1.1162Keywords:
penganggaran partisipatif, demokrasi bottom-up, Porto Alegre, empowered participatory governance, masyarakat sipilAbstract
This study examines the mechanism of participatory budgeting (PB) in Porto Alegre, Brazil, as a bottom-up democracy model in regional budget governance. Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach based on library research and guided by the Empowered Participatory Governance (EPG) framework, this study addresses three main questions: (1) how PB operates in Porto Alegre, (2) the role of community groups in the process, and (3) the factors that support and hinder its implementation. The findings indicate that Porto Alegre's PB operates through an annual deliberation cycle across 16 budget districts, granting citizens, especially the urban poor, real authority to determine public spending priorities through a devolved, multi-tiered forum structure. Civil society groups, including neighborhood associations, labor organizations, women's groups, and urban movements, serve as key driving actors that mobilize participation, channel aspirations, monitor implementation, and uphold the integrity of the deliberative process. Key supporting factors include the political commitment of the Partido dos Trabalhadores, strong civil society organizational capacity, inclusive institutional design, and growing public trust. Meanwhile, dependence on political leadership, unequal capacity among groups, fiscal constraints, and the potential for de-democratization became obstacles that weakened PB's sustainability after 2004. These findings have significant implications for strengthening citizen participation mechanisms in the context of Musrenbang in Indonesia.
References
Affandi, M. A., Marijan, K., & Windyastuti, D. (2023). Participatory Budgeting in Indonesia: From the Policy Innovation to the Democracy Innovation. The Journal of Society and Media, 6(2), 527–565. https://doi.org/10.26740/jsm.v6n2.p527-565
Almasi, M., & Mohammadi, J. A. E. (2024). The Impact of Participatory Budgeting on Public Trust and Government Efficiency. International Journal of Applied Research in Management, Economics and Accounting, 1(2), 100–112.
Amin, F. (2020). Pendekatan Bottom Up Budgeting dalam Penganggaran Pemerintah Daerah (Studi tentang Penganggaran Partisipatif di Komunitas Nelayan Miskin di Kawasan Pantai Prigi Kabupaten Trenggalek). Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Publik dan Kebijakan Sosial, 4(2), 157.
Arnstein, S. R. (1969). A Ladder Of Citizen Participation. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 35(4), 216–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944366908977225
Baiocchi, G. (2001). Participation, Activism, and Politics: The Porto Alegre Experiment and Deliberative Democratic Theory. Politics & Society, 29(1), 43–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032329201029001003
Badri, Z. H. (2019). Alternatif Bagi Penguatan Demokrasi: Pengalaman Mekanisme Anggaran Partisipatif (Participatory Budgeting) di Kota Porto Alegre, Brazil. Review of International Relations, 1(2).
Bouras, W. (2024). The Role of Porto Alegre Participatory Budget Model in Local Development. ASJP (Algerian Scientific Journal Platform), 6(2), 255–266.
Carmo, G. do., Pereira, J. R., Rezende, V. A., & Felizardo, L. F. (2024). Participatory Budgeting and the Formation of Public Spheres. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, 18(10), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n10-023
Fedozzi, L., & Müller, I. D. (2025). Local Governments and Social Participation: Pathways and Setbacks of the Porto Alegre Participatory Budget. In From the City as a Project to the City Project: Volume II: The 21st Century (pp. 589-618). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-94235-8_25
Goldsmith, W. W., & Vainer, C. B. (2001). Participatory Budgeting and Power Politics in Porto Alegre. Land Lines, 13(1), 7–9.
Handayani, D., & Imam, M. (2022). Participatory Budgeting di Era Otonomi Daerah: Studi Optimalisasi Peran Rembuk Desa sebagai Katalis Pembangunan. Konferensi Nasional Ilmu Administrasi, 6(1), 118–124.
Lefebvre, J. (2025). Changing Urban Movements Repertoires Following the Erosion of Porto Alegre’s Participatory Budgeting: From Institutionalized Participation to Deinstitutionalization. Latin American Politics and Society, 67(2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1017/lap.2024.31
Marquetti, A., Schonerwald da Silva, C. E., & Campbell, A. (2012). Participatory Economic Democracy in Action: Participatory Budgeting in Porto Alegre, 1989–2004. Review of Radical Political Economics, 44(1), 62–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/0486613411418055
Naben, K. R. M. (2023). Membandingkan Demokrasi dan Penganggaran Partisipatif ala Porto Alegre-Brasil dan Musrenbang Partisipatif ala Indonesia. SOSMANIORA: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, 2(4), 523–529. https://doi.org/10.55123/sosmaniora.v2i4.2889
Nisa, N. K., & Budiono, P. (2025). Inovasi dan Tantangan Implementasi Penganggaran Partisipatif dalam Pembangunan Daerah di Kabupaten Lampung Timur. Jurnal Ilmiah Muqoddimah: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik, dan Humaniora, 9(4), 2287–2296.
Novy, A., & Leubolt, B. (2005). Participatory Budgeting in Porto Alegre: Social Innovation and the Dialectical Relationship of State and Civil Society. Urban Studies, 42(11), 2023–2036. https://doi.org/10.1080/00420980500279828
Rahayu, C. M., Priyanti, R. W., Anugra, A. W., Arista, R. M., & Sanjaya, N. (2025). Analisis Proses Penganggaran Partisipatif di Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Temanggung. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Pajak, 5(2), 19–26.
Santoso, E. B., Gaol, L. L., & Prasetyo, A. (2024). Penguatan Tata Kelola Keuangan Publik melalui Partisipasi Masyarakat dan Transparansi Informasi. Jurnal Akademi Akuntansi Indonesia Padang, 4(1), 126–140. https://doi.org/10.31933/mwca7592
Schugurensky, D., & Mook, L. (2024). Participatory Budgeting and Local Development: Impacts, Challenges, and Prospects. Local Development & Society, 5(3), 433–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/26883597.2024.2391664
Silvia, R., & Lutfi, A. (2022). Participatory Budgeting: Lessons for Indonesia. Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi, 8(1), 113–122. https://doi.org/10.32697/integritas.v8i1.902
Touchton, M., McNulty, S., & Wampler, B. (2023). Participatory Budgeting and Community Development: A Global Perspective. American Behavioral Scientist, 67(4), 520–536. https://doi.org/10.1177/00027642221086957
Touchton, M., McNulty, S., & Wampler, B. (2024). Participatory Budgeting and Well-Being: Governance and Sustainability in Comparative Perspective. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, 36(1), 105–123.
Abers, R., King, R., Votto, D., & Brandão, I. (2018). Porto Alegre: Participatory Budgeting and the Challenge of Sustaining Transformative Change.
Fung, A., & Wright, E. O. (2003). Deepening Democracy: Institutional Innovations in Empowered Participatory Governance. Verso.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. Sage.
Rosmita, E., Sampe, P. D., Adji, T. P., Shufa, N. K. F., Haya, N., Isnaini, I., ... & Safii, M. (2024). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. CV. Gita Lentera.
Wampler, B., & Touchton, M. (2022). Governance in Translation: Participatory Budgeting Across the Developing World. In The State of Accountability in the Global South (pp. 59–75). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nabila Fitria Ariyanti, Averina Shalva, Fayza Arzmy Niafaran, Ridwan, Gema Pertiwi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
